What plants produce offspring with same phenotype when self-pollinating true-breeding In mendels experiments he mated contrasting true breeding varieties (`1` generation), leading to (`2` generation, with `2p` percent of dominant traits), leading to (`3` generation, with `3p` percent of dominant trait) 1: P 2: F1 2p: 100 3: F2 3p: 75 Law that different alleles end up in different gametes law of segregation What is this punnett square When organism has two dominant it is `1`, when organism has two recessive it is `2`, when organism has both it is `3` 1: homozygous dominant 2: homozygous recessive 3: heterozygous Appearance of organism (heterozygous & homozygous dominant are same) phenotype Actual genetics of organism (heterozygous & homozygous dominant are different) genotype When heterozygote and dominant homozygote are indistinguishable how is the dominance complete dominance When F1 is between P and F2 what is dominance incomplete dominance When the presence of alleles affect each other codominance Blood type alleles (write IB first then AP, like ) I_A A I_B B i O What are antigens against for blood other types Universal donor: `donor`, universal recipient: `recipient` donor: O recipient: AB Family tree that contains history for some traits pedigree If both parents have condition and offspring do not what is it dominant If neither parent has condition but some children do what is it recessive People who carry recessive disorder but dont have the phenotype carrier What type of allele is sickle cell codominant Genes on X chromosome x-linked genes What is it called when a male has one copy of X trait hemizygous X-linked recessive trait, causing it to be much more common in men color blindness hemophilia Fertilized egg is called zygote Gene thats not related to X/Y autosomal gene "A version of a gene" allele Example of dominant allele brown eyes Example of dominant genetic disease huntington's disease Problems with using humans for genetics unethical long generations few offspring Is it dominant or recessive dominant Is it dominant or recessive recessive What is circle in pedigree female How to calculate probability that 1 or more children have recessive disease when probability that all are normal is (3/4)^3 = 27/64 complement