Major movement of early 1900s progressivism People that exposed scandals and corruption in railroads, oil, and the government muckrakers Focus of progressives social justice Effort to make faith into a tool of social reform Social Gospel `person` makes `place` which is big house for immigrant community called settlement house person: Jane Addams place: Hull house What did settlement houses lead to social workers Movement in which professions create organizations to regulate the people (e.g. Americna Medical Association) professionalization Group that led reform women Change brought by increasing power of women divorce rates Person that writes about how women need to vote early on Elizabeth Stanton `person` makes women suffrage organization `name` much more popular (2mil) person: Anna Shaw name: NAWSA Year when states start allowing women to vote 1910 `year`: `amendment` amendment passed to to allow women to vote year: 1920 amendment: 19th amendment How did progressives separate municipals from political parties commissioned city managers State reforms to reduce influence of party power initiative referendum Thing that allows voters to submit legislation straight to other voters initiative Thing that requires state government to tell voters what its doing referendum Thing that represented voters beside parties, led to decline in voter turnout interest groups Person that challenged Booker Washington and encourage blacks to accept the same as white instead of be content Du Bois Organization formed by Du Bois to fight for civil rights NAACP Person that helps the NAACP fight lynching Ida Wells What movement resurges in early 1900s temperance Group that fights against temperance Women's Christian Temperance Union `amendment` forces temperance by year `year` amendment: 18th amendment year: 1920 Racist movement that gains strength in early 1900s nativism Leader of socialist party, gets 1 million votes in 1912 Eugene Debs Group that committed terror attacks to support socialism, advocated one union for everyone including unskilled labors wobblies Person that becomes symbol of reform at national level Roosevelt What does roosevelt do stop some trusts Government things Roosevelt gives power to Interstate Commerce Commission Sherman Antitrust Act Deal with coal miners on strike by roosevelt that ends the union but gives them some improvements square deal Major reform act by Roosevelt Pure food and drug act of 1907 Nature movement roosevelt supports conservation Person that fails presidency after Roosevelt, finally allowing democrats to be president William Taft When taft fails who runs for president again Roosevelt Who wins election of 1912 against roosevelt and taft woodrow wilson What does woodrow wilson support (unlike Roosevelt who was very moderate in this) extreme antitrust Bill that could finally cut tariffs like democrats wanted, replaced with income tax from 16th amendment Underwood-Simmons tariff Thing wilson creates to help save banks Federal Reserve Act Bill to break up trusts Federal trade comission act Progressive governer of Wisconsin Robert Lafollette Fire that led to building reform from Tammany hall Triangle Shirtwaist Company Weak tariff reduction from taft Payne-Aldrich tariff Dispute between forest reformer and Taft's new secretary of the interior who was conservative (old guard), leads to Taft discrediting Pinchot-Ballinger Controversy Roosevelt's own political party, because he wasn't nominated for Republican party (instead taft was) Bull Moose party Progressive party Idea from roosevelt that government should regulate large corporations new nationalism Idea from wilson that large corporations should be broken up new freedom What is roosevelts foreign mission civilize backwards countries Complement to monroe doctrine by Roosevelt that allows US to intervene with western governments Roosevelt Corollary Country US overthrows for canal panama Strategy by Taft to gain control over governments by giving them loans dollar diplomacy Place Taft decides to overthrow but Wilson doesn't but it gets overthrown anyways and they are very close to conflict until 1917 Mexico Thing that forces Americans to side with British trade Catalyst for American joining of the war in 1916 Lusitania Thing that Wilson wants to fight war for league of nations Thing that led US to join war zimmermann telegram Thing that makes it more attractive to join war end of russian monarchy When does US join war 1917 Thing to get 3 million people into army (controversial, 1917) Selective Service Act When did war end (because US ended stalemate) 1918 Things significantly developed in WWI trenches planes navy logistics Thing to handle wartime economy (e.g. one of these for railroads, one for coal, etc.) war boards Thing that makes employers be nice but the workers have to not strike during war National War Labor Board Thing made to control public opinion of the war Comittee on Public Information Acts to allow government to suppress dissenters Espionage act of 1917 Sabotage act of 1918 Sedition act of 1918 Things wilson wanted after WWI league of nations new boundaries international conduct What stops Wilson from getting Treaty of Versailles signed Republicans When Wilson goes on national tour to support treaty of versailles what happens that knocks him out for the rest of his presidency stroke Major problem after war that led to decline in economy inflation When blacks migrate from South for factory labor opened up by whites fighting in the war, what is it called Great Migration Riots caused by black teenager getting stoned for going to white beach Chicago Riots Person that starts idea of black nationalism and black-owned businesses Marcus Garvey Fear of radicals from communist russia in 1919/1920 red scare Institution made in 1920 for civil rights and also rights of other people ACLU Things that stimulated growth in 1920s Automobiles Radios Technique used by Henry Ford where workers paid well welfare capitalism Jobs for women pink-collar Legislation to grant "parity" (subsidies) to agricultural workers (failed) McNary-Haugen Bill Industry that came of age during 1920s (after newspapers, movies, etc.) advertising Idea of women that started in 1920s professional woman People that critiqued American society after WWI because they were disenchanted ("Lost Generation") debunkers Women that were liberated from being polished in society (became popular) flapper People that opposed prohibition wets Nativism movement led to what in 1920s KKK Religious groups that opposed: `city group` vs `rural group` city group: modernists rural group: fundamentalists Trial that made fundamentalists in defense against modernists (instead of equals) scopes trial Party modernist vs fundamentalist argument affects, creating deadlocks democrats Presidents during 1920s that did very little besides some scandals Harding Coolidge Person that brought power to government institutions to bring stability as Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover What were the 1920s called New Era Person that led early union for African Americans of Sleeping Car Porters Philip Randolph Names for Japanese immigrants: `name`, name for their children: `children` name: issei children: nisei Leader of American birth control movement Margaret Sanger Developing black culture in NYC Harlem Renaissance Act severely reducing/preventing immigration reflecting nativist movement National Origins Act of 1924 Scandal during Harding presidency Teapot Dome When did Black Tuesday - stock market crash happen October 29 What was American economy centered mostly around in 1920s, led to fail when these things decreased in importance construction automobiles Societal factor leading to great depression (people couldn't buy things) inequality Domestic economic reason economy failed farmer debt Foreign reason economy failed europe debt Problem in cities High unemployment rate Problem in farm dust bowl Case in which 9 black boys falsely accused in 1931 scottsboro case Thing that increased during depression despite barriers increasing employment of women Thing that depression reduced (broke up families) birth rate Things that brought Americans together, only source of relief radio movies Person that censored hollywood movies Will Hay Movie director that showed innocence of rural people over government and city greed Frank Capra What described a lot of entertainment during great depression escapist Party that gained popularity during the great depression Communist Party Group that led communism in America during great depression Popular Front What was popular front controlled by stalin What was popular front against fascism American thing Popular Front supported civil rights Book that writes about difficult times during great depression grapes of wrath Act by Hoover allowing farmers to maintain prices Agricultural Marketing Act Thing Hoover establishes with $1.5B to spend but it is not enough (and they don't spend it all) Reconstruction Finance Corporation Group of veterans that march to congress to get money in 1932 Bonus Army Person elected after Herbert Hoover Franklin D Roosevelt What does Hoover ask Roosevelt for that he rejects balanced budget Tariff to try to make American economy work but just reduced trade by Hoover Hawley-Smooth Tariff Slums on outskirts of cities called what (hoover unpopular) Hoovervilles Person who wrote Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck Magazine that had photos of nature and sports and stuff too pull people away from depression Life Magazine Farmers forced to move from Oklahoma to California Okies Radio shows for women soap operas Thing roosevelt does to build confidence in government by talking on the radio about what govt. is doing fireside chats Act to protect big banks from small banks failing Emergency Banking Act Act designed to convince ppl that federal government kept money safe Economy Act Thing developed to insure bank accounts up to $2500 FDIC Act that limited amount farmers could grow, subsidized empty land, raised taxes on milling to support this -- Brought increase in food prices Agricultural Adjustment Act Act to help recover from great depression National Industrial Recovery Act Agency created by National Industrial Recovery Act National Recovery Administration What can be seen as NRA failure no increase in production Group that built dams during great depression to boost economy and fight utility companies Tennessee Valley Authority What did NRA allow to dominate, eventually struck down by supreme court Large corporations Program developed my government to give relief to unemployed until economy could come back Federal Emergency Relief Administration Organization to help provide relief by making public works Civil Works Administration Who was leader of FERA and CWA Harry Hopkins `Administration` and `act` helped with farm debt Administration: Farm Credit Administration act: Farm Bankruptcy Act Thing to help with home loss and repair Federal Housing Administration What did critics hate about new deal regulation Organization lead by Du Pont family against New Dealers, 125k ppl at peak Liberty League When did Liberty League fail (1936) roosevelt reelection Person that lead elderly people to get pensions Townsend Alarming opponent of FDR, wanted to tax rich Huey Long Difference in second new deal (1935) openly attack corporations Opponent of FDR that wanted monetization of silver and greenbacks Father Coughlin Act to break up utility holding companies Holding Company act of 1935 Act that allowed unions to be supported by govt. after NIRA struck down wagner act What did wagner act make National Labor Relations Bord Idea where unskilled laborers in an industry should unionize industrial unionism `supporter` of industrial unionism, `opponent organization` of industrial unionism supporter: John L Lewis opponent organization: AFL Group that got general motors to recognize union United Auto Workers Union that got accepted by steel giant but lost to little companies ("Little Steel") United Steelworkers of America Act for elderly by FDR Social Security Act Administration to replace CWA, same leader Works Progress Administration Welfare for women program in Social Security (the work ones were only for men) Aid to Dependent Children Act proposed by roosevelt to make court more liberal (he was democratic) and support more new deal things Court-packing plan What does court-packing plan lead to existing court becoming liberal more divisions Economic fail caused when roosevelt cuts WPA after economy rises Roosevelt Recession Committee to reform antitrust after Roosevelt Recession Temporary National Economic Committee What was passed by TNEC, first major labor act Fair Labor Standards Act Why did Roosevelt mostly stop new deal in 1938 prepare for war What did FDR and his wife establish by appointing african americans to second tier positions, causing African Americans to vote for democrats instead of republicans Black Cabinet `person` greatly supports culture relativism of native americans, passed `act` person: John Collier act: Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 Place that received more funds from New deal West 4 days when banks were shut down for new legislation, restored faith in banking system Bank holiday Amendment to repeal prohibition under FDR 21st Amendment First woman appointed to cabinet by FDR Francis Perkins Independent agency of government to regulate financial markets Securities and Exchange Commission