How did US get control of Cuba Supported revolution against Spanish Amendment that gave power to US to rig Cuban govt (despite supposedly handing over power to Cubans) Platt amendment What did US rigging elections for pro-US businesses contribute to Extreme inequality `year`: Cuban revolution, resulting from `event` year: 1933 event: great depression More popular Cuban president that supported US interests and was still clearly corrupt (1940-1944) Batista What does Batista do in 1952 coup When does Castro get elected to congress by poor districts, seeing it as a means to an end for reform 1952 When does US install pro-US governments in Latin america 1954 What does Batista do to seem pro-us postpone reform Castro was part of `group` group, specifically supported by `demographic` within group: Ortodoxo demographic: students Failed attack by Castro as part of his revolutionary vision Moncada Barrack Attack When word of the torture of Moncada soldiers got out, what did Batista have to do for Castro trial Castro gave `speech` speech while on court and outlined `plan`, leading him to become popular speech: history will absolve me plan: moncada program When was Castro released from prison and exiled to Mexico instead of having 13 year sentence 1955 Group that Castro starts (M-26-7) Movimiento de 26 de julio `year`: Castro launches poorly planned attack on Batista, called `attack name` year: 1956 attack name: santiago uprising Peasant supporters of Castro, who joined him because he helped their health and fight bad landlords Fidelistas Communist party that supported Batista (giving workers support to Batista) PSP BIG THING: What did Castro establish to gain support across the country rebel radio Failed counterattack by Batista in 1958 operation verano After winning operation verano, peasants and army join Castro, giving him how many people 3000 When does Castro get control of Cuba 1959 What did Batista do throughout 1952-1959 that brought widespread lack of support brutality When he gets power what is Castro (not communist) nationalist After what does US establish trade embargo on Castro nationalize US businesses What does US trade embargo on Castro push him to USSR trade deal Why does Castro nationalize US businesses reduce inequality When does Bay of pigs invasion make Castro anti-US, socialist government 1961 Who did Castro put in charge of INRA (Agricultural reform govt agency) that drew criticism communists What did Castro ban in 1960 due to their ability to be bought by the US and their support from gangs political parties When did Castro's unlimited power get reduced, although he was still figurehead 1972 What did Castro use throughout his presidency to gain support propaganda What did Castro do when brothels/casino closed and people were out of job reopen Economic policy of Castro land redistribution Economic policy of Castro of who he sold to USSR exports When did Castro do literacy program (social policy) 1961 Health policy introduced by Castro universal free healthcare Organization founded by castro for gender equality Federation of Cuban Women Thing castro did to help with housing public housing rent control Castro failed to `failure`, shown in `failed policy` (`year`) failure: reduce dependence on sugar failed policy: 10 million ton sugar harvest year: 1970 What were Cuban revolutionaries scared of US coup US fear of latin american uprising led them not to react initially to Cuba; shown by what protest agianst nixon 1958 venezuela visit Anti-communist that internally opposed Castro; arrested Huber Matos Che Guevara (supported of Castro revolution) died at `place`, showing `thing` place: bolivia thing: support of latin american uprisings "Cuba's vietnam" is where angola What did Castro utilize to ensure violence and gangs were not a problem after revolution (social policy) televised trials and executions How did Castro reduce opposition (social policy) allow exile to USA Operation by Eisenhower to oppose Castro Operation mongoose How did Cuba survive "Special period" after USSR collapse large support for Castro Speech by Castro asking arts and culture to serve the revolution in 1970s Words to the intellectuals Cultural phenomenon to minimize dissent committees for defense of the revolution When was Egypt given nominal independence (British controlled Suez canal, strategically critical) 1922 What was Egypt before independence (got independence due to widespread protest) protectorate When does British have Egyptian King appoint Wafd party to bend to British demands 1942 After failure in when invasion of Israel does Nasser want to start coup, starting movement 1949 What election led to rich just getting richer, causing Egyptians to lose faith in democracy 1950 Wafd Election When do widespread protests break out against foreign buildings 1952 Day of lots of riots that show problems in Egyptian society Black saturday Group of people including Nasser that launched coup free officers Why was army popular represented people, unlike elite king Who did Free Officers reach out to new middle class Nasser developed his views at `place` as a `person` place: military academy person: student Main political groups supporting free officers left muslim brothers parliamentary reformists To consolidate power, what do free officers do first end left Under the guise of eliminating corruption what do Free Officers do eliminate parties (parliamentary reformists) Organization started by Nasser to gain support from civilians liberation rally When do Free Officers have 50 people rewrite constitution into republic 1953 When does Nasser end Muslim brother organization, requiring immense propaganda and force 1954 When Neghib (general of army) dissents against Nasser but their is outcry over his resignation, what does Nasser do step back from power and bring back parties What does parties and elections bring, causing Free Officers to step in and take control protests What does it take to finally end Muslim Brothers attempted shooting Nasser's development strategy: phase one - `1` (until `year`), phase two - `2` 1: private enterprise economy year: 1956 2: state capitalism When is Suez canal nationalized 1956 `thing` motivated Egypt development, leading to a `type` economy, making Egypt vulnerable to instability in `a` prices thing: foreign development type: agricultural a: cotton What was done first to combat big inequality between land owners and workers that were basically sharecroppers first agrarian reform law What domestic policy led to incompetent people farming land rent freeze What system did government use to try to increase efficiency through its power; led to backlash control of cooperatives for poor What was goal of private enterprise economy investment in industrialization Council in 1952 to try to do Import Substitution Industrialization (where you replace imports with domestic production) Council for Development of National Production When Nasser requests $100mil from US, what happens British refuse What does government do to get money for industrialization instead sequestration When does Egypt get loan from USSR for dam 1958 What ministry in Egypt handles economic development Ministry of Industry By when does Nasser suffer from stagnation, because public sector becomes very inefficient, but he is stuck to it due to his discourse 1962 What did Nasser do that all authoritarian regimes do end student and worker unions How does Nasser end power of unions incorporate into government What does Nasser use to end power of students Liberation Rally on campus Who does Nasser hang to end power of Muslim Brothers Seyed Gutb Problem that reduces economic gains per capita high population growth How does Nasser justify his massive state bureaucracy (hint: he claims its "True Democracy") National Charter Foundation of Nasser foreign policy remove British When Nasser goes to Bandung conference and recognizes PRC, what does US do remove funding What does removal of funding cause nationalization of Suez canal From where does Nasser accept assistance (monetary and technical) despite different ideologies USSR Foreign policy towards more close places from Nasser Arabism From `a` to `b` Syria is part of Egypt ("United Arab Republic"), they secede because they realize it is not cooperation but combination a: 1958 b: 1961 Where does Nasser send many forces, hurting economic reform for no clear reason Yemen Which group does Nasser dislike since his days as a student, leading to frequent skirmishes and wars Israel Prominent war with Israel Six day war Who does Nasser use to create cinema propaganda across Arab countries Abd El Halim Why are radio and cinema popular and good for propaganda high illiteracy Nasser propaganda radio broadcast, also popular throughout Arab world sawt el arab Why does Nasser resign (reversed due to protests) propaganda fails lose 6 day war Film that shows Nasser remains in collective memory Nasser 56