Idea about population central to Republican vision Educated public What were schools actually open to during Jeffersonian era Rich white men Idea that led to some educated women and sped up female education Republican mother Person that published essay on why women get education Judith Sargent Murray `Thing` spreads through medicine during Jeffersonian era, leads to less `group` in profession Thing: Science group: women Person that argued that America will become more culturally advanced than Europe, supported education Noah webster When did second great awakening happen (after deism and other science based religion was spreading) 1801 Place where massive revivalism (great awakening) meeting happened in 1801 Cane ridge Religious idea that goes away in second great awakening Predestination Alcoholic that becomes religious and spreads agriculture to native Americans Handsome lake Person that brought textile mills to America from London Samuel slater American inventor that makes cotton gin Eli whitney Thing that expands as a result of cotton gin Slaves in south Idea in technology introduced by Eli Whitney Interchangeability New social idea after industrialization Faraway ceo Thing missing for early american industrialization Transportation Person that introduces steamboat to America that’s actually good Robert fulton Hobby that spreads to take mind away from industrialization, especially for elites Horse racing Idea that jefferson conveys about himself Common person National things that jefferson reduces Spending Debt Army Case in which Congress rules its ability to force commissions unconstitutional, but in doing that gives its ability to declare acts from congress unconstitutional Marbury v Madison When France (Napoleon) is taking over Louisiana from the Spanish and eliminating American rights, what does Jefferson do to avoid conflict with France Louisiana purchase Expedition Jefferson makes to understand what is west of the US and what they got in the Louisiana purchase Lewis and Clark What does group of federalists called Essex Junto decide they need to not lose power after Louisiana Purchase makes more states Secession When Aaron Burr supports secession in New York but Hamilton doesn't, what do they do Duel Who dies because of duel Hamilton Who believed Burr was trying to conquer the southwest and make a new country (even though this may have not been true), had him arrested Jefferson Things that combine to make war of 1812 Napoleonic wars Native american resistance What did French and British do to America during napoleonic wars Impose trade restrictions What did British do to American ships to make sure their navy doesn't lose everyone during their blockades of Europe Impressment What does Jefferson do to stop war with Britain after Americans outraged at British ships doing impressment and British refuse to stop it Embargo act of 1807 When does Jefferson repeal embargo act after Americans mad, it induces depression 1808 Person in charge of making treaties with Native Americans over western lands William Henry Harrison Person that unites Native Americans over their religion and helps them fight together against the Americans, gets alliance with British in Canada Tecumseh While Harrison destroyed lots of Tecumseh's forces, by what year did he begin raids of western places 1812 What did people in South do to Baton Rouge, Florida Conquer What stops Annexation of florida that President Madison promised Spanish british alliance When were representatives eager to fight Britain elected 1810 Where did Americans successfully fight Native Americans and British and defeat Tecumseh Great lakes Where did Americans fight even more successfully under leadership of Andrew Jackson South of Tennessee and Florida When did Napoleon surrender, causing British to invade America and burn down white house and others 1814 Where do British try to invade in Baltimore after burning down White House, but are successfully blocked by Americans, leading to Star-Spangled Banner Fort McHenry Convention where Federalists talk about secession but mostly just want amendments to make New England powerful Hartford Convention Treaty that ends war of 1812, little happens besides end of fighting Treaty of Ghent What breaks apart after Treaty of Ghent Intertribal alliances During war state banks make inconsistent currency, so what does congress do second national bank What increases during war of 1812 because cut off from trade manufacturing Tariff to protect new manufacturing after end of war of 1812 Tariff of 1816 1828 Tariff called what because it protected North but hurt South Tariff of Abominations Person that vetoes building roads (Internal Improvements) without amendment madison Why do people go west more land What did people do after building quick farms in the west sell for profit Where did wealthy planters go cleared parts of old southwest What was system where settlers sell farms for profit to wealthy plantaters plantation system Area where cotton grows well due to dark soil black belt After war of 1812 what entered fur trapping space white trappers When Jefferson gets his secretary of state elected, who is next president James Monroe Who does Monroe make his secretary of state John Quincy Adams After Monroe is elected what starts, ending Federalist party era of good feelings When Calhoun (secretary of war) tells Andrew Jackson to stop Seminole raids, what does he start Seminole wars Treaty that Adams negotiates after showing power through raids in Seminole wars, gets all of Florida from Spain Adams-Onis Treaty Event where national government starts tightening credit that fueled land expansion, leading to collapsing state banks and depression panic of 1819 Amendment suggested to Missouri to get rid of slavery since North doesn't want slaves, led to lots of conflict between North and South tallmadge amendment Compromise between North and South that led to line in wich slaves are below, reduced tension Missouri Compromise Speaker of house that suggests Missouri compromise Henry Clay John Marshall pushes what ideal on government Federalist Case where John Marshall supports contracts even if they are shady, strengthening economy Fletcher v. Peck Case in which Dartmouth is protected from becoming state owned because of its charter Dartmouth v. Woodward Case in which Marshall confirms federal review of state court decisions Cohens v. Virginia Case where John Marshall supports national bank McCulloch v. Maryland Case where John Marshall gives congress power to regulate state commerce Gibbons v. Ogden Case where Marshall gives US power to claim treaties with native americans over states Johnson v. McIntosh Case where John Marshall gives only US power to regulate who can go in Native American territory Worcester v. Georgia When Spanish colonies revolt, America gives them power with what Monroe doctrine What does Monroe doctrine say (even though made by John Quincy Adams) no europeans can control americas `year`: Democrat-Republican party splits into Democratic (`democrat idea`), and Republican (`republican idea`) year: 1828 democrat idea: Jeffersonian republican idea: Federalist Idea by Henry Clay to make a program for factories and farms by increasing tariff and bank power American System When jackson was elected after Adams what did they call it era of the common man Person that defended national bank daniel webster Type of people allowed to vote after Jackson (huge expansion) white men Rebellion in Rhode Island where new constitution put in place but old government imprisions the people dorr Rebellion `person` wrote `book` about life in America in various groups in the 1830s person: Alexis de Tocqueville book: Democracy in America Party against Jackson Whigs Party that follows Jackson Democrats Difference between Jackson and Jefferson no consistent ideology System where jobs are given to winning party in government spoils system Controversy with Jacksons VP was over what idea nullification Who was Jacksons VP John Calhoun Rival of Calhoun Martin Van Buren `year`: `Debate` debate by South Carolina representative over nullification and power of East year: 1830 Debate: Webster-Hayne Person that solves possible military intervention in South Carolina when they nullify Tariff of Abominations (he gradually lowers tariff to 1816 levels) Henry Clay Brutal war where whites keep on attacking when Native Americans surrender Black Hawk war Group of tribes that somewhat adopted Western culture five civilized tribes Act which authors financing of negotiations to remove Native Americans Indian Removal Act When Cherokee make deal but many dont follow they are sent to `place` (`informal name`) in `event name` place: Oklahoma informal name: Indian Territory event name: Trail of Tears Person that ran National Bank after 1832 Nicholas Biddle Factions against Bank: `group` that believes state banks should issue money freely, `group 2` that believes only gold is viable group: soft money group 2: hard money War between Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and Jackson over national bank bank war When Jackson re-elected because people don't care about bank war and so don't vote henry clay, what does he try to do withdraw federal deposits Person that Jackson makes secretary to withdraw funds Roger B. Taney What are the states where federal funds deposited call pet banks When bank runs out of funds and people hate it when it tries to get money when does it end because no recharter 1836 When Marshall dies who becomes chief justice Taney What does Taney do in Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge amend contracts System of politics with two parties second party system Group of radical democrats that riot against elite loco focos Person that succeeded Jackson Van Buren Why did Whigs fail even though they had a good amount of support no single leader Act where government gives surplus money to states Distribution act When economic boom of 1836 makes government give out lots of money, what law do they enact to require currencies backed by gold and silver to be repaid specie circular Result of Specie circular panic of 1837 Person whigs chose after 1840 (where depression from Van Buren happening) William Henry Harrison Newspapers for common people used to spread election info penny press When harrison dies of Pneumonia who replaces him (Whigs wons) John Tyler Who does Tyler replace original whigs with former democrats Things that make Tensions between Britain and America rise: `state border`, `slave ship` accepted by British and slaves freed, `supply ship` to rebels in Canada burned and one American dies state border: Maine slave ship: Creole supply ship: Caroline Treaty to lower tensions with British Webster-Ashburton Treaty Person in 1844 the Whigs lose to James K. Polk Things that contributed to american industrial revolution organization transportation communication population When did importing slaves become illegal 1808 After when did immigration from Ireland start (before very little immigration) 1830 Time with huge immigration, population growth, and rapidly expanding cities 1840-1860 Idea where immigrants are worse than native-born Americans nativism Group that fears immigrants and tries to remove catholics from government (originally Order of the Star-Spangled Banner) know-nothings Where did the Know-Nothings (now political party) win control Massachussetts Device that went in canals steamboat Government canal construction project that made Northern farmers unable to compete with Western/southern Erie Canal Thing that followed canals as major method of bulk transportation railroads Where did railroad funding come from federal government By when were railraods dominant 1860 What did railroads due to Northwest dependence on the South lessen Method that took over long-distance communication, revolutionizing business organization (with fast railroads) telegraph Groups that benefitted from telegraph railroads newspapers New business organization that took over large businesses corporation Primary job in Northeast factory system Idea that revolutionized manufacturing interchangeable tools Major american inventor products goodyear howe-singer Elite group in Northeast that financed early factories merchant capitalists System where young women are recruited for factory, payed well, and after a few years they go and start families Lowell system Waltham system In what year do factories start switching from women to lower-payed Irish immigrants 1840 Union between skilled artisans to keep their businesses National Trades' Union Court case where unions & strikes made legal Commonwealth v. Hunt Homeless people in cities called paupers Thing that helped minimize discontent between very unequal social classes social mobility Another mobility that was important in reducing discontent Geographic mobility Most influential and fastest growing class in America middle class Major home device for middle class in 1840s for cooking cast-iron stove Distinction between what two things emerged because of industrial revolution family work Idea where women only worry about fashion and homekeeping and get more material wealth but less intellectual wealth cult of domesticity Thing that emerged in cities because of the little free time industrial workers had public leisure Person who made very successful freak shows P.T. Barnum Place where farming primarily took Place midwest Inventions by john doe and mccormick in agricultural tools steel plow reaper thresher Thing that drew together and dominated farm communities religion Cotton that stopped the South from changing short-staple Thing where slaves and planters move South to grow cotton Second Middle Passage Reason that South is thought of as great planters even though few had slaves aristocracy Thing southerners called slavery and reason they romanticized it peculiar insitution Personality of slaves where they act in deference to white people Sambo Thing that southerners say about cotton with idea that if they stopped planting cotton, the world would fall apart, and everyone wants to trade with the south cotton is king Feature defining southern women right to be protected Magazine that called for Southern economic independence from the North, largely not done De Bow's Review Reason white women suffered slave relationships General name for yeoman farmers plain folk Only people in South that opposed Aristocracy, because they weren't connected to plantation syste hill folk Places where slaves liked to be because had more social life large plantations What happened to slave population after trade stopped in 1808 decline Most common slave that could gain freedom buy buying it urban Ship where slaves illegally being smuggled to US took over and tried to go to Africa but ended up in US, abolitionists sent back to Africa Amistad Slave rebellion led by who where they axe white men and women Nat Turner Language using some African and some English that slaves used to communicate with each other pigdin Major instrument in slave culture Banjo What type of resistance did most slaves used subtle Act of freeing slaves manumission Person that was planning to bring 1000 rebellious slaves together but they got caught because it leaked Gabriel Prosser First great school of American painters Hudson River school First great american novelist (1820s-1840s) James Cooper Great american novelist that wrote Leaves of Grass in 1855 Walt Whitman American author that Person that wrote Moby Dick in 1851 Herman Melville Southern writer that wrote sad stories in 1820-1840s Edgar Allen Poe Idea that reason is ability to grasp beauty, understanding is society's view of things transcendentalists People that led transcendentalism in US Ralph Emerson Henry Thoreau What moral concept did transcendentalists believe in environmentalism Utopian community experiment in 1841-1847 with transcendentalists and everyone doing work for each other Brook Farm Person that wrote about Brook Farm Nathaniel hawthorne `person` founded Utopian Community in which everyone lives in total equality, called `name` person: Robert Owen name: New Harmony Community in which everyone is married to each other and raise children together Oneida Utopian community where gender roles equal and celibacy Shakers Mormons founded by `person` who writes book of mormon and calls themselves latter-day saints in 1830 person: Joseph Smith Successor of Joseph Smith that brings 12000 mormons to a new land after Joseph dies in Illinois because of opposition Brigham Young Movement to re-adopt religion started in Second Great Awakening, also wanted to end vice revivalism Idea where men don't use hard liquor because it causes vice in society Temperance "Science" used to see how good people are for a job by measuring skull size Phrenology Medical thing that doctors protested against in 1830s and 1840s, making their reputation low licensed physicians First person of Massachussetts board of education, started public education in 1837 Horace Mann A collection of institutions for disabled people benevolent empire Reform movements in 1820s and 1830s produced what for mentally ill asylums Reform movements in 1820s and 1830s produced what movement led by Grimkes, Beechers, Susan B. Anthony, Mott, Stanton, Dix Feminism First feminist convention in 1848: `name` produced document `document` name: Seneca Falls convention document: Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions Religion of feminists quakers Society that pays masters to free slaves and sends them to Liberia American Colonization Society In `newspaper`, `person` writes that slaves need to be freed instantly instead of gradually newspaper: Liberator person: William Garrison Society formed by William Garrison American Antislavery Society Problem that many abolitionists had to face, led some to be more moderate violence Slave with great speeches that escaped to Massachussetts and then England and led abolitionism Frederick Douglass Court case in which government doesn't need to enforce returning slaves to owners Prigg v. Pensylvania Popular position in Liberty Party where slavery shouldn't be in new states Free Soil Major book by Harriet Beecher Stowe that spread abolitionism Uncle Tom's Cabin Violent abolitionist that did uprisings in Kansas and Virginia John Brown Idea of one god instead of holy trinity, religious movement unitarianism Name for parts of New York where religious movements took place Burned over district