By what year did the US have basically all of modern day US (besides alaska/hawaii/etc.) 1850 When Americans go to texas due to Mexican govt. bonuses but new dictator comes in, `year`: `war name` breaks out, Americans led by `leader` gain independence (but are rejected by U.S.) year: 1836 war name: Battle of San Jacinto leader: Sam Houston Place on West claimed by British & Americans but lots of Americans migrate there Oregon Where did the middle class people migrating come from Old Northwest What does Polk want to do with Texas and Oregon annex Oregon compromise was over what parallel with Britain to be top of Oregon 49th Tension grows with what country after Annexation of Texas Mexico `year`: `war` breaks out with Mexico over California and New Mexico, led by `leader` year: 1846 war: Mexican War leader: Zachary Taylor How does America end Mexican war when they beat them in America but they don't surrender seize mexico city To end Mexican war, `negotiator` gets `treaty` negotiator: Nicholas Trist treaty: Treaty of Guadalape Hidalgo In 1848 campaign what shakes existing political parties when this party gets a lot of votes free soil party Who gets voted after Polk taylor When did Gold rush "Forty Niners" come to California 1848 Overwhelming majority of population was what white men Bill introduced by old clay to handle conflict over slavery in new states (California, New Mexico, etc.) compromise of 1850 Person that splits compromise of 1850 "omnibus bill" up and gets it all approved stephen douglas Law passed in compromise of 1850 to return slaves, very controversial fugitive slave act What is crisis over not accepting any new territory due to slavery called sectional crisis Purchase of small strip of mexican territory in 1853 for transcontinental railroad for $10 million gadsden purchase Act made by Douglas to create states that a transconinental railroad goes through, but is very controversial because it repeals missouri compromise and split up the political parties Kansas-Nebraska Act What party is made from people that oppose Kansas-Nebraska Act from both major parties Republican party Person chosen by Democrats because he was not controversial Franklin Pierce Movement supported by Pierce where America should conquer parts of western europe young america Document by Polk hoping to get Cuba for US but north doesn't want new slave state, controversial ostend manifesto Name for the intense guerilla warfare between pro and anti-slavery in Kansas Bleeding Kansas Murder by John brown, sons, and co. killing pro-slavery people Pottawatomie Massacre Person in Senate that gets beaten by Preston Brooks (from South), becoming a Martyr Charles Sumner Beliefs of North free soil free labor Belief by North that South will replace government with Aristocracy slave power conspiracy Idea that states should get to choose whether they want slavery popular sovereignty Written argument of southern professors in 1834 for slavery The Pro-Slavery argument People that wrote the pro-slavery argument called what southern apologists Democrat that barely won 1856 elections against Republican and weak whigs + weak know-nothings Buchanan View of Republicans federalist What is Buchanan's personality, led to more division as economic depression hits North and they become Republican timid Economic depression during Buchanan panic of 1857 Court case in which supreme court decides blacks can't sue because they aren't citizen, makes Missouri Compromise unconstitutional Dred Scott v. Sandford Constitution written by pro-slavery people in Kansas but rejected by the majority of population twice lecompton Constitution Who does republican party elect for 1858 Illionois congressional against democratic Douglas Lincoln What does Lincoln do to be more popular Lincon-Douglas Debates Who loses but becomes more popular in the 1858 Illionis congressional elections Lincoln Planned violent uprising by John Brown that led to his execution but made Southerners want to secede because they thought govt. did it Harpers Ferry Person that leads Republican party to president in 1860 (under 40% because of divisions but split between 4 candidates so he wins) Lincoln Process that began after Lincoln's election disunion Amendment that slavery can't be in territory ceded from Mexico Wilmot proviso Compromise to fix secession that re-established Missouri Compromise crittenden compromise Federal property protected by North off the shore of Carolina Fort Sumter Commander of confederate forces General Beauregard Year when confederates bombard fort sumter, starting civil war 1861 What did North have that South didn't for war industry transportation What did South have that North didn't commitment What did Republican party do during the war (little opposition) nationalistic economic program `year`: `act` passed to allow people to gain 160 acres in the west for small fee (promoted development) - North year: 1862 act: homestead act Act to sell land for education in North (1862) Morrill act Railroad company building from East (chartered by Congress) Union Pacific Railroad company Railroad company building from West (chartered by Congress) Central Pacific When did transcontinental railroad companies meet and link 1869 `years`: Acts to make National Bank: `acts` years: 1863-1864 acts: National Bank Acts What year had first income tax 1861 Thing that mostly financed war Loans People opposed to draft by Lincoln Copperheads Thing lincoln did to dissenters against war repression Person that made propaganda and pictures of the war Matthew Brady Thing that leads to Lincoln re-election victories `year`: `act` that makes slaves that fight in the war free year: 1861 act: confiscation act Year of Emancipation proclamation (war not over, only in the union) 1863 After Emancipation proclamation what did slaves do Join Union army Person that makes women be nurses, transforms job of nursing Dorothea Dix Thing that states do in Confederacy resist national government Thing that happened in confederacy when it tried to finance war inflation Who led the strategy of the North lincoln What did Union do for Southern exports blockade Thing that supported moving soldiers in greater amounts than ever before railroads Naval technology used to fight war ironclad boat Where did Union win first west Person that led Union at the start of the war, bad, removed by Lincoln McLellan Place where two important battles occur in East bull run Thing that actually caused Northern victory attrition of South Victory of what thing led to split within confederacy, turning the war mississippi Only good general from Union Ulysses s. Grant President of confederates Jefferson Davis Person that led Southern military for the whole war Robert E. Lee As southern Army slowly dwindles Richmond is overtaken and when does South surrender 1865 Riots over the draft were what New York City Draft Riots Amendment ending slavery 13th amendment Ironclad boats where they kept each other in stalemate, saving Northern blockade merrimac and monitor Major general of south, got wounded Stonewall Jackson Place where McLellan gives time for Lee to re-organize even though he could've won antietam creeks Place grant sieges on his way to Richmond Viskburg Where did Davis surrender Appomattox court house Place where South tries to invade North, loses, famous battle that turned the tide Gettysburg Thing where Johnson A. Sherman destroys Georgia on his march March to the sea Infantry in North made up of freed slaves (with white leader) 54th Massachussetts Infantry Person that was vice president for lincoln for second term, opposed Tennessee seceding Andrew Johnson People left displaced by civil war Southern Whites Southern Blacks Organization from congress to help slaves freed from the war freedmen's bureau What type of reconstruction policy did lincoln put lenient Bill that rejected lincoln's reconstruction states and forced states to make a new constitution with only people that were loyal, remove congress from their debts Wade-Davis bill What happened to Wade-Davis bill veto When is Lincoln shot 1865 Who takes over after Lincoln Andrew Johnson What is Andrew Johnson reconstruction plan like Wade-Davis bill When southern states do everything under Andrew Johnson plan or Lincoln plan (presidential reconstruction) what do radicals in congress do start congressional reconstruction Thing in South that allows blacks to be fined and forced to work, Freedmen Bureau is extended past 1 year to stop these Black codes When was the first civil rights act passed? 1866 What did first civil rights act do make blacks citizens Amendment made by first civil rights act 14th Amendment Election where Johnson supports conservative but is bad so radicals win 1866 What does radical government require ratification of 14th by black and white loyals Law enacted by radicals to stop president from removing officials (so that they can keep their radicals in his cabinet) Tenure of Office act What do Radicals stop from interfering with reconstruction supreme court What do radicals do to Johnson when he dismisses secretary of war even though Tenure of Office act impeach Biggest improvement in South from reconstruction education Thing where freed slaves worked land given by landlord and gave a share of their profits or crops sharecropping Why could blacks not rise out of poverty no credit System where local stores give credit to farmers, who have collateral on their crops, get stuck in debt, high rates crop-lien system Who gets elected in 1868 Ulysses Grant How does grant alienate voters radical Problem in grant presidency corruption Financial crisis during Grant panic of 1873 Political party created to support paper money during Grant greenbackers Major secretary of state during Johnson William Seward Major secretary of state during Grant Hamilton Fish Economic policy of Seward "seward's folly" sell alaska What does hamilton fish resolve (damages from ships during civil war) alabama claims Acts that stop groups like KKK from using intimidation on black voters Enforcement Acts Enforcement acts (a.k.a KKK Acts) are what Amendment 15th amendment After 15th amendment what happened to the radicals declined Democrat leader in 1876 who wins popular vote but loses Samuel Tilden Republican leader that wins 1876 elections (Grant stopped from re-running) Rutherford Hayes Thing that Hayes government had to give democrat concessions Compromise to try to establish Republican party in south but failed, ended reconstruction compromise of 1877 Thing that came to the South after reconstruction factories Type of workers in southern factories due to casualties from civil war women Leader of african american education (slave that became educated) Booker Washington Court case allowing segregation Plessy v. Ferguson Court case that allowed better schools for Whites Cumming v. County Board of education What happened in late 1800s and early 1900s to blacks in the South disenfranchisement Laws for disenfranchisement jim crow Laws Person that published articles after lynching Ida Wells Period where country is tring to be like it was before the war (most of reconstruction and later years) antebellum period Scandal in Grant presidency over what company giving stock to officials credit mobilier