What is the process in which energy of excites an electron which leaves, water (electron donor) breaks into H+ and O2
photolysis

What is chlorophyll
pigment

Spectrum that shows wavelengths of light in which energy absorbed: `name`, in chlorophyll this is `low`, `high`
name: absorption Spectrum
low: blue
high: red

Spectrum that shows wavelengths of light that increase reaction rate
action spectrum

Visible light: `left`nm to `right`nm
left: 380
right: 750

Stack of membranes inside of cholroplast with chlorophyll embedded
Thylakoid

(Happends in Thylakoid): Sun excites electron in `place1`, it gets passed to `transport` and the missing electron is replaced with electrons from `chemical`, producing `useful` and `waste`. The excited electron is used to bring in `thing` before it is transferred to `place2`, where it absorbs energy and is passed off to make `useful2`, `enzyme` uses the high useful gradient to make ATP
place1: Photosystem II
transport: electron carrier
chemical: water
useful: H+
waste: O2
thing: H+
place2: Photosystem I
useful2: NADPH
enzyme: ATP Synthase

Liquid inside of Chloroplast
stroma

(Happens in stroma): `name` cycle: Brings in `n...` and `a...` from Thylakoids, brings in `chemical`, first step: `step1` (CO2 incorporated into organic molecules), second step: `step2` (ATP and NADPH used to make 6 G3P), third step: `step3` (1 G3P comes out for sugars, 5 go into organic compounds that need CO2)
name: Calvin
n...: NADPH
a...: ATP
chemical: CO2
step1: Fixation
step2: Reduction
step3: Regeneration

Sugar used for transport: `transport`, Sugar used for storage: `storage`
transport: Sucrose
storage: Starch

Area of leaf where CO2 goes in and O2 comes out
stomata

Area of leaf where products transported
vascular bundle

Photosynthesis: `rC` CO2 + `rH` H20 + light -> `pG` C6H12O6 + `pO` O2 + `pH` H2O
rC: 6
rH: 12
pG: 1
pO: 6
pH: 6

Main pigment for Photosynthesis
chlorophyll A

Accessor pigments (widen usable range of light)
carotenoids
chlorophyll B

3 parts of ATP
ribose
adenine
triphosphate

Glycolysis takes place in `place`, inputs `input` ATP, outputs `output` ATP, outputs `output compound`
place: Cytoplasm
input: 2
output: 4
output compound: pyruvate

How many turns of Krebs cycle happen per glucose
2 

How much ATP does Fermentation make (from glycolysis)
2

What is loss of electrons
oxidation

What is gain of electrons
reduction

Possible results of Fermentation
lactate
ethanol

Which result of fermentation is reversible in the presence of oxygen
lactate

Main output of Krebs cycle
NADPH

Stages of cellular respiration: `1`, `2` - yields `2yield`, `3`, `4`, `other name of 4`
1: Glycolysis
2: Link
2yield: Acetyl CoA
3: Krebs cycle
4: Electron transport chain
other name of 4: oxidative phosphorylation

Electron transport chain takes `input` and releases lots of `output`
input: NADPH
output: ATP

What is it called when ATP is used to perform activities
substrate level phosphorylation

`a` C6H12O6 + `b` O2 -> `c` CO2 + `d` H2O + `e` ATP
a: 1
b: 6
c: 6
d: 6
e: 32

Three types of work of cell
chemical
mechanical
transport

`o` gets oxidized, `r` gets reduced
o: fuel
r: oxygen

NADH-like thing produced by Krebs/Citric acid cycle
FADH2

What does electron transport chain do
pump H+

What is it called when H+ gradient used to do work
chemiosmosis

What type of phosphorylation happens during Glycolysis
substrate-level

Anaerobes that cannot survive in O2
obligate

Anaerobes that can use cellular respiration of fermentation when no oxygen
facultative

Earliest method of using chemical energy (before mitochondria)
glycolysis